Understanding Autism
“THE NON-CONVENTIONAL WAY OF BEING”
In many African countries, autism is often misunderstood, and families with autistic children often face stigmatization, exclusion, or a sense of shame. Some people believe autism is a form of punishment or a sign that a family has done something wrong, while others think it is a kind of illness that can be “cured” with traditional or religious practices. Unfortunately, these views lead to isolation and judgment, making it challenging for autistic children to receive the love, support, and acceptance they need to thrive. However, these perceptions are based on myths and misconceptions that can be addressed with a better understanding of what autism actually is.
Autism, simply put, is a developmental condition that affects how a person communicates, interacts with others, and experiences the world. People with autism have brains that process information differently from those without it. This difference means they may have unique strengths, like attention to detail, strong memory, or the ability to focus intensely on subjects they love. However, it can also mean that they may struggle in social situations, find it hard to express emotions in conventional ways, or feel overwhelmed in loud or chaotic environments. Autism doesn’t mean a person is sick or has been punished in any way. No! It’s just a different way of being in the world, like speaking a different language or seeing the world through a different lens.
To help break the stigma, it’s essential to understand that autistic individuals are not “broken” or “flawed” versions of other people. They have their own way of thinking, communicating, and interacting, which is as valid and beautiful as any other. Embracing this perspective means recognizing that autism is not something to be “fixed” but rather understood and appreciated. Just as we value diversity in culture, language, and art, we can value the diversity in how people think, feel, and interact. Autism is not a punishment but a special way of being. Autistic individuals enrich our communities by offering new perspectives, challenging our assumptions, and teaching us empathy and understanding. By welcoming and supporting autistic people, we build a more inclusive society where everyone has a place and is valued for who they are.
“Autism doesn’t mean a person is sick or has been punished in any way. No! It’s just a different way of being in the world, like speaking a different language or seeing the world through a different lens”
Dr. Oluwatosin Akande
Founder / CEO Bethel Xafe Autism Foundation
LOVE; BURDEN OR EASE?
Love is one of the most powerful tools we have to support individuals diagnosed with autism. Love encourages acceptance, understanding, and patience, which are all essential for creating an environment where autistic individuals feel valued and supported. Rather than viewing autism as a problem to be solved, love allows us to see the person beyond the diagnosis, appreciating them for who they are and embracing the unique ways they experience the world. When families, friends, and communities show love, they create safe spaces where autistic individuals can grow, learn, and reach their potential without fear of judgment or rejection. For autistic individuals, navigating the world can sometimes feel overwhelming, as they may struggle with sensory overload, social cues, and communication. A loving approach, however, acknowledges these challenges and helps them find ways to manage, cope, and communicate on their own terms. Love encourages us to take the time to understand what each person needs and how we can support them. Whether it’s learning their preferred way of communicating, celebrating their strengths, or adapting environments to minimize stressors, love allows us to look at things from their perspective and create a world that is more inclusive and supportive.
Moreover, love builds resilience not only in autistic individuals but also in their families and caregivers. Raising an autistic child or supporting an autistic friend may come with its own unique challenges, but love makes it possible to face these with a spirit of positivity and hope. Love motivates families and caregivers to seek out resources, learn more about autism, and advocate for the rights and inclusion of their loved ones. This kind of support encourages autistic individuals to feel valued and gives them the confidence to pursue their passions, connect with others, and contribute to their communities. In schools, workplaces, and communities, a loving approach to autism fosters understanding and reduces stigma. When we approach autism with love, we move away from stereotypes and judgments and instead focus on building connections and finding ways to celebrate each person’s individuality. Simple acts, like listening to an autistic person’s experiences, respecting their boundaries, or learning about their interests, can make a significant impact. Ultimately, love helps break down barriers and creates a society where everyone feels they belong.
6 COMMON MISTAKES WE MAKE
Trying to "Fix" Autism
One of the biggest mistakes in managing autism is treating it as something that needs to be “fixed.” Autism is a neurodevelopmental condition, meaning that an autistic person’s brain functions differently from a neurotypical one. The goal should not be to make autistic people “normal” but to support them in developing skills and achieving personal goals. Embracing their unique perspectives and strengths, rather than focusing on changing them, fosters self-confidence and authentic growth.
Overlooking Sensory Sensitivities
Many people with autism have heightened sensitivities to sights, sounds, textures, and smells, which can make certain environments overwhelming or uncomfortable. Ignoring these sensory needs can lead to stress, anxiety, and even meltdowns. Providing tools like noise-canceling headphones, dimming lights, or creating quiet spaces can significantly improve comfort and reduce sensory overload, creating a more welcoming environment for autistic individuals.
Ignoring Communication Differences
Communication differences are a core part of autism. Some autistic individuals may be nonverbal or may communicate differently than neurotypical people. Insisting on traditional forms of communication, like speech, and disregarding alternative forms, like sign language, writing, or technology, can create unnecessary frustration. Understanding and supporting each person’s preferred communication style allows them to express themselves fully and feel respected.
Underestimating Their Abilities
Another common mistake is underestimating the abilities of autistic individuals. It’s essential to recognize that autistic people, like everyone else, have unique talents, skills, and passions. Assuming that someone is incapable of certain tasks simply because they’re autistic can limit their opportunities and stunt their growth. Encouraging exploration, growth, and self-expression can help them reach their full potential, regardless of how that might look in traditional terms.
Relying Too Much on Structure and Routine
While structure and routine can provide comfort for many autistic individuals, relying on them too heavily can lead to rigidity, making it challenging for them to adapt to new situations. Teaching flexibility in small, manageable ways allows autistic individuals to develop resilience and cope with changes in a safe and supported manner. Striking a balance between routine and flexibility is key to building adaptability and independence.
Using Punishment Instead of Understanding
It can be tempting to discipline certain behaviors that seem disruptive, but in autism, many behaviors are often expressions of unmet needs or sensory overload. Instead of punishment, understanding the root cause of behaviors whether it’s sensory discomfort, frustration, or communication needs; leads to better management. Developing coping strategies, providing outlets for self-expression, and creating calming routines can reduce challenging behaviors in a constructive way.
SIGHT AND SOUNDS: THE IRONY
Sight and sound can be experienced very differently by individuals with autism, as many autistic people process sensory information in unique ways. Sensory sensitivity especially in relation to sight and sound is common in autism and can mean that sights, sounds, and even textures that seem normal or pleasant to others might feel overwhelming or uncomfortable to them. Understanding these sensory differences can help family members, teachers, and friends create a more comfortable and supportive environment for autistic individuals.
For some autistic people, sights can be highly stimulating. Bright lights, vibrant colors, or sudden visual changes might be difficult to process, and these can sometimes lead to sensory overload. On the other hand, some may find certain patterns or visual details fascinating and may enjoy focusing on them for long periods. This sensitivity can mean that a bustling, colorful room is overwhelming, while a simple, organized space feels calming and secure. Adjusting lighting, reducing visual clutter, or allowing for periods of visual rest can make a big difference in the comfort level of an autistic person.
Sound can also be an intense experience for many autistic individuals. Some may have heightened sensitivity to sound, making them more aware of subtle noises like the hum of a fan, background chatter, or the sound of footsteps. These everyday sounds can feel amplified and distracting, leading to discomfort, anxiety, or a need to escape to a quieter place. Sudden or loud noises, like alarms or sirens, can also be particularly distressing. At the same time, some autistic people may find certain sounds soothing or even enjoyable, like the rhythm of a ticking clock or the repetitive sound of a particular melody.
Recognizing these sensitivities to sight and sound allows for more empathetic and adaptive support. For example, reducing unnecessary noise, providing ear defenders, dimming bright lights, or creating quiet spaces can help reduce sensory overload and promote comfort. By respecting and adjusting to these sensory needs, we create an environment where autistic individuals feel safe and supported, enabling them to interact and learn in ways that work best for them. Understanding and accommodating sight and sound sensitivities not only honors each individual’s experience but also opens doors to more inclusive and positive interactions.
“Understanding and accommodating sensory sensitivities allows us to create environments where autistic individuals feel safe, respected, and empowered to interact and learn in ways that work best for them.”
Dr. Oluwatosin Akande
Founder / CEO Bethel Xafe Autism Foundation